The KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor is an ongoing analysis mission monitoring the general public’s attitudes and experiences with COVID-19 vaccinations. Utilizing a mixture of surveys and focus teams, this mission will observe the dynamic nature of public opinion as vaccine improvement unfolds, together with vaccine confidence and hesitancy, trusted messengers and messages, in addition to the general public’s experiences with vaccination as distribution begins.
Key Findings
- With the launch of the KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor, a brand new KFF survey finds a rise within the share of the general public saying they’d positively or in all probability get a vaccine for COVID-19 if it was decided to be protected by scientists and accessible at no cost to everybody who needed it. This share now stands at 71%, up from 63% in a September survey performed in partnership with ESPN’s The Undefeated. Following on the heels of the presidential election and promising information about a number of COVID-19 vaccine candidates, the brand new survey finds a rise within the share who say they’d get vaccinated throughout racial and ethnic teams, and amongst each Democrats and Republicans (willingness to get vaccinated amongst independents has not modified).
- A few quarter (27%) of the general public stays vaccine hesitant, saying they in all probability or positively wouldn’t get a COVID-19 vaccine even when it had been accessible at no cost and deemed protected by scientists. Vaccine hesitancy is highest amongst Republicans (42%), these ages 30-49 (36%), and rural residents (35%). Importantly, 35% of Black adults (a bunch that has borne a disproportionate burden of the pandemic) say they positively or in all probability wouldn’t get vaccinated, as do one third of those that say they’ve been deemed important employees (33%) and three in ten (29%) of those that work in a well being care supply setting .
- Amongst those that are hesitant to get a COVID-19 vaccine, the principle causes are worries about attainable uncomfortable side effects (59% cite this as a significant purpose), lack of belief within the authorities to make sure the vaccines’ security and effectiveness (55%), issues that the vaccine is simply too new (53%), and issues over the position of politics within the improvement course of (51%). About half of Black adults who say they in all probability or positively received’t get vaccinated cite as main causes that they don’t belief vaccines basically (47%) or that they’re anxious they might get COVID-19 from the vaccine (50%), suggesting that messages combatting specific varieties of misinformation could also be particularly necessary for rising vaccine confidence amongst this group.
- A big majority (71%) of the general public believes a vaccine might be extensively accessible for anybody who desires it within the U.S. by the summer season of 2021. This contains about three in ten who consider will probably be accessible sooner, both by the tip of 2020 or early in 2021. Regardless of promising information about vaccines by each Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna, expectations might have to be tempered for this group, given the small variety of preliminary doses accessible and the hurdles to producing and distributing sufficient vaccine doses to cowl everybody in america.
- A essential query that has already begun to face policymakers is the way to prioritize completely different teams and guarantee equitable distribution of the vaccine. On this query, the general public’s confidence has elevated markedly over the previous a number of months, notably amongst Black People. Two-thirds of the general public now say they’re no less than considerably assured that when a COVID-19 vaccine turns into accessible, will probably be distributed in a manner that’s honest, up from about half (52%) in September. Amongst Black People, the share has almost doubled, from 32% to 62%. Nonetheless, issues stay about whether or not the wants of individuals of colour are being accounted for within the vaccine improvement course of. About half (48%) of Black adults say they aren’t assured that the event of a COVID-19 vaccine is taking the wants of Black folks into consideration, and over a 3rd (36%) of Hispanic adults say the identical concerning the wants of Hispanic folks.
- Understanding who the general public trusts for dependable vaccine info might be essential for any COVID-19 vaccination outreach effort. The survey finds that, as with many well being subjects, folks’s private well being care suppliers are essentially the most trusted supply for info on COVID-19 vaccines, with 85% saying they belief their very own physician or well being care supplier no less than a good quantity for dependable vaccine info. Some native, state, and nationwide messengers – together with the CDC, FDA, Dr. Anthony Fauci, and state and native well being officers – are trusted by majorities of the general public as effectively, however belief in these government-affiliated sources divides considerably on partisan traces, with Democrats tending to precise larger ranges of belief than Republicans.
- The KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor can be monitoring the general public’s enthusiasm for getting vaccinated and recognized 4 teams of people which will require completely different communication methods in terms of a COVID-19 vaccine. These embody: the “as quickly as attainable” group (34% of the general public) who say that when a vaccine is accredited and extensively accessible, they’ll get it as quickly as they will; the “wait and see” group (39%) who say that they’ll wait to see how the vaccine is working for different folks earlier than getting vaccinated themselves; the “provided that required” group (9%) who say they’ll solely get vaccinated whether it is required for work, college, or different actions; and the “positively not” group (15%) who say they positively wouldn’t get a vaccine, even when it was free and decided to be protected by scientists. This final group is more likely to be the toughest to persuade, on condition that they’ve low belief in public well being messengers, very low charges of flu vaccination, and excessive charges of believing misinformation about different public well being measures, like mask-wearing.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Traits, Causes, And Subgroups
Share Of Public Prepared To Get Vaccinated For COVID-19 Has Elevated
The KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor finds that the share of the general public saying they’d positively or in all probability get a vaccine for COVID-19 if it was decided to be protected by scientists and accessible at no cost to everybody who needed it has elevated modestly since September, following the outcomes of the presidential election and promising information about a number of COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Within the new survey, seven in ten (71%) say they’d positively (41%) or in all probability (30%) get such a vaccine, whereas a few quarter (27%) say they’d in all probability (12%) or positively (15%) not get it. The share saying they’d positively or in all probability get vaccinated is up 8 share factors from a KFF survey performed in September in partnership with ESPN’s The Undefeated (from 63% to 71%), whereas the share saying they’d positively or in all probability not get vaccinated is down 7 share factors (from 34% to 27%).
Wanting throughout racial and ethnic teams, there was a rise in vaccine willingness amongst Black, Hispanic, and White adults alike. The change is maybe most dramatic amongst Black adults, amongst whom willingness to get vaccinated elevated from 50% in September to 62% in December. Whereas Black adults had been about evenly break up in September on whether or not or not they’d get a COVID-19 vaccine that was free and decided to be protected by scientists, they’re now nearly twice as more likely to say they’d get vaccinated as to say they’d not (62% vs. 35%).
Whereas a big partisan hole stays, willingness to get vaccinated for COVID-19 has elevated for each Democrats (from 77% in September to 86% in December) and Republicans (from 47% to 56%), however has remained the identical amongst independents (67%).
One-Quarter Stay Hesitant To Get A COVID-19 Vaccine, Together with 4 In Ten Republicans
A few quarter (27%) of the general public stays vaccine hesitant, saying they in all probability or positively wouldn’t get a COVID-19 vaccine even when it had been accessible at no cost and deemed protected by scientists. Vaccine hesitancy is highest amongst Republicans (42%), these ages 30-49 (36%), and rural residents (35%). Importantly, 35% of Black adults (a bunch that has borne a disproportionate burden of the pandemic) say they positively or in all probability wouldn’t get vaccinated, as do one-third of those that say they’ve been deemed important employees and three in ten (29%) of those that work in a well being care supply setting.
Totally different Teams Have Totally different Causes For COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy
Amongst those that are hesitant to get a COVID-19 vaccine, the principle causes are worries about attainable uncomfortable side effects (59% cite this as a significant purpose), lack of belief within the authorities to make sure the vaccines’ security and effectiveness (55%), issues that the vaccine is simply too new (53%), and issues over the position of politics within the improvement course of (51%). About 4 in ten cite as causes that the dangers of COVID-19 are being exaggerated (43%) or they don’t belief vaccines basically (37%), whereas a few third say they don’t belief the well being care system (35%), and smaller shares say they’re anxious they might get COVID-19 from the vaccine (27%) or they don’t assume they’re prone to getting sick from the virus (20%).
Among the many vaccine hesitant, members of various racial teams have considerably completely different causes for not eager to get vaccinated. For instance, Black adults who’re vaccine hesitant are extra seemingly than White adults to quote issues about uncomfortable side effects (71% vs. 56%) and the novelty of the vaccine (71% vs. 48%) as main causes for not eager to get vaccinated. Importantly, about half of Black adults who say they in all probability or positively received’t get vaccinated cite as main causes that they’re anxious they might get COVID-19 from the vaccine (50%) or that they don’t belief vaccines basically (47%), suggesting that messages combatting specific varieties of misinformation could also be particularly necessary for rising vaccine confidence amongst this group.
Causes for vaccine hesitancy additionally differ considerably by partisan identification. Amongst Republicans who say they received’t get vaccinated, a prime purpose is that they assume the dangers of COVID-19 are being exaggerated, named as a significant purpose by 57% of Republicans who’re vaccine hesitant (24% of all Republicans).
AMONG THOSE WHO WOULD DEFINITELY NOT OR PROBABLY NOT GET VACCINATED: % who say every of the next is a main purpose why: | Complete | Get together ID | Age | Race/Ethnicity | |||
Unbiased | Republican | 18-49 | 50+ | Black | White | ||
Frightened about attainable uncomfortable side effects | 59% | 59% | 54% | 58% | 63% | 71% | 56% |
Don’t belief the federal government to ensure the vaccine is protected and efficient | 55 | 52 | 56 | 55 | 53 | 58 | 54 |
Vaccine is simply too new and need to wait and see the way it works for different folks | 53 | 54 | 41 | 57 | 46 | 71 | 48 |
Politics has performed an excessive amount of of a task within the vaccine improvement course of | 51 | 46 | 53 | 47 | 59 | 54 | 49 |
The dangers of COVID-19 are being exaggerated | 43 | 40 | 57 | 40 | 51 | 33 | 49 |
Don’t belief vaccines basically | 37 | 43 | 31 | 37 | 38 | 47 | 36 |
Don’t belief the well being care system | 35 | 34 | 36 | 32 | 42 | 28 | 36 |
Frightened that they might get COVID-19 from the vaccine | 27 | 30 | 18 | 26 | 26 | 50 | 21 |
Don’t assume they’re prone to getting sick from COVID-19 | 20 | 18 | 23 | 18 | 26 | 20 | 19 |
NOTE: Pattern measurement too small to report individually amongst Democrats and Hispanics who say they positively or in all probability received’t get vaccinated. See Appendix A for tables primarily based on whole. |
COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence And Expectations
A big majority (71%) of the general public believes a vaccine might be extensively accessible for anybody who desires it within the U.S. by the summer season of 2021. This contains about three in ten who consider will probably be accessible sooner, both by the tip of 2020 or early in 2021. A few quarter (26%) of the general public is extra skeptical, anticipating {that a} vaccine received’t be extensively accessible till the tip of 2021 or someday in 2022.
A essential query that has already begun to face policymakers is the way to prioritize completely different teams and guarantee equitable distribution of the vaccine. On this query, the general public’s confidence has elevated markedly over the previous a number of months, notably amongst Black People. Two-thirds of the general public now say they’re no less than considerably assured that when a COVID-19 vaccine turns into accessible, will probably be distributed in a manner that’s honest, up from about half (52%) in September (earlier than the presidential election and optimistic information about a number of vaccine candidates). Amongst Black People, the share has almost doubled, from 32% to 62%.
Equally, a bigger share of the general public now in comparison with September say they’re very or considerably assured that when a COVID-19 vaccine turns into accessible, it is going to have been correctly examined for security and effectiveness (70%, up from 55% in September). Once more, the rise was most pronounced amongst Black People (67%, up from 39%).
Nonetheless, issues stay about whether or not the wants of individuals of colour are being accounted for within the vaccine improvement course of. About half (48%) of Black adults say they aren’t assured that the event of a COVID-19 vaccine is taking the wants of Black folks into consideration (down from 65% in September), and over a 3rd (36%) of Hispanic adults say the identical concerning the wants of Hispanic folks.
Different COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes
The KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor can be monitoring different attitudes associated to vaccination and inspecting the connection of those attitudes to vaccine hesitancy. One query that has implications for vaccine messaging is whether or not folks assume getting vaccinated is extra a matter of particular person freedom or considered one of collective accountability. The newest survey finds the general public evenly divided, with about half (49%) saying that getting vaccinated in opposition to COVID-19 is “a private alternative” and the opposite half (49%) saying it’s “a part of everybody’s accountability to guard the well being of others.” Partisans diverge on this query, with seven in ten Democrats saying getting vaccinated a part of everybody’s accountability to guard public well being, and an identical share of Republicans (71%) saying it’s a private alternative. As might be proven under, these attitudes are associated to folks’s private plans to get a COVID-19 vaccine when one turns into accessible.
With the title “Operation Warp Velocity” given to the U.S. COVID-19 vaccine improvement effort, there have been early issues that the general public would lack belief in a vaccine they could view as being rushed to market. In truth, KFF polling in September and October discovered that many U.S. adults had been involved that the FDA would rush to approve a vaccine underneath political stress from the Trump White Home. The newest survey, nevertheless, finds that about two-thirds of the general public (64%) – together with comparable shares of Democrats, Republicans, and independents – really feel that the event and testing of the vaccine is transferring at about the correct pace, whereas small shares say it’s transferring too rapidly (22%) or too slowly (12%).
The monetary motivations of pharmaceutical corporations have additionally been raised as a possible barrier to gaining the general public’s belief in a COVID-19 vaccine. The survey means that the general public’s sometimes harsh views of those corporations’ revenue motives could also be considerably softened in gentle of the pandemic. A KFF survey earlier this yr that requested about “drug corporations” basically discovered that three-quarters (76%) of the general public thought these corporations had been largely involved in making a revenue, whereas smaller shares mentioned they had been primarily involved in working for the nice of the general public (4%) or about equally motivated by each income and the general public good (18%). The December survey requested extra particularly about “pharmaceutical corporations engaged on a COVID-19 vaccine” and located that the majority (58%) mentioned these corporations had been equally involved in working for the general public good and making a revenue, whereas the share who noticed revenue as their predominant motivation was a lot smaller (32%).
Profiles Of The Public By Vaccine Enthusiasm Ranges
The KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor additionally gauged the general public’s enthusiasm for getting vaccinated and recognized 4 teams of people which will require completely different communications methods in terms of a COVID-19 vaccine. (See Appendix B for extra particulars concerning the demographics of every of those teams.)
A few third of the general public (34%) belong to the “as quickly as attainable” group who say that when a vaccine is accredited and extensively accessible, they’ll get it as quickly as they will. This group is disproportionately made up of Democrats (43% vs. 32% of the general public general), adults ages 65 and over (33% vs. 21%), White adults (71% vs. 61%), these with school levels (39% vs. 31%), and those that have a severe well being situation or reside with somebody who does (52% vs. 46%). Given their eagerness to get vaccinated, some folks on this group could also be pissed off with the tempo of vaccine distribution if they don’t fall into one of many precedence teams for early vaccination. Messages emphasizing the the explanation why completely different teams are prioritized could also be necessary for this group.
About 4 in ten (39%) of the general public belong to the “wait and see” group. These people are a mixture of those that say they positively or in all probability will get vaccinated and those that say they in all probability is not going to – however all say that when a vaccine turns into extensively accessible, they’ll wait till it has been accessible for some time to see how it’s working for different folks earlier than getting vaccinated themselves. This group seems loads like most people, but it surely considerably overrepresents younger adults ages 18-29 (28% vs. 21% of the overall inhabitants) and Black adults (16% vs. 12%). Final willingness to get vaccinated amongst this group will rely loads on information protection of occasions that unfold in the course of the early rollout of the vaccine with precedence populations. What they hear and study uncomfortable side effects, efficacy, and entry to the vaccine might be necessary in shaping their final selections about whether or not and when to get vaccinated. This group can be more likely to be essentially the most dynamic in the course of the early levels of rollout, doubtlessly shifting their responses between “in all probability will” and “in all probability received’t” get vaccinated because the narrative across the COVID-19 vaccine adjustments.
The smallest group – representing 9% of the general public – says they’ll solely get vaccinated whether it is required for work, college, or different actions. This group is considerably youthful than the overall inhabitants (74% are underneath age 50, in contrast with 54% of all adults). Importantly, about six in ten inside this group (61%) say they’ve been categorised as a necessary employee, that means they’re required to work outdoors their residence in the course of the pandemic. Although small, the truth that such a big share of this group is in a class at excessive danger for coronavirus publicity makes them an necessary group for rising vaccine confidence.
Lastly, 15% of the general public falls into the group that’s most resistant, those that say they positively wouldn’t get a COVID-19 vaccine, even when it had been deemed protected by scientists and accessible at no cost. This group is disproportionately made up of Republicans (41% vs. 25% of most people) and people with no extra education past highschool (53% vs. 38%). It additionally considerably overrepresents folks ages 30-49 (46% vs. 33%). This group is essentially the most skeptical, and would be the hardest to succeed in with pro-vaccine messaging.
Checked out one other manner, the share of the general public that falls into every of those teams differs by partisanship and racial and ethnic background. For instance, about half of Black adults (52%) fall into the “wait and see” group, in comparison with about 4 in ten Hispanic adults (43%) and simply over a 3rd of White adults (36%). In contrast, White adults (40%) are extra seemingly than Black adults (20%) or Hispanic adults (26%) to be within the “as quickly as attainable” group.
Wanting throughout partisan teams, almost half of Democrats (47%) are within the “as quickly as attainable” class, in comparison with about three in ten independents (30%) and Republicans (28%). And whereas majorities throughout partisan teams are in one of many first two classes, 1 / 4 of Republicans and 17% of independents say they positively received’t get the vaccine, a lot larger than the share amongst Democrats (5%).
% who say, when a vaccine for COVID-19 is accredited by the FDA and extensively accessible to anybody who desires it, they’ll: | Complete | Get together ID | Race/Ethnicity | ||||
Dem. | Ind. | Rep. | Black | Hispanic | White | ||
Get the vaccine as quickly as they will | 34% | 47% | 30% | 28% | 20% | 26% | 40% |
Wait till it has been accessible for some time to see how it’s working for different folks | 39 | 41 | 38 | 33 | 52 | 43 | 36 |
Solely get the vaccine if they’re required to take action for work, college, or different actions | 9 | 5 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 7 |
Undoubtedly not get the vaccine | 15 | 5 | 17 | 25 | 15 | 18 | 15 |
Don’t know/Refused | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
Moreover differing of their demographics, these teams additionally differ in lots of their attitudes and behaviors. For instance, the overwhelming majority (93%) of those that say they positively received’t get vaccinated and two-thirds (66%) of those that say they’ll solely get vaccinated if required to take action for work or college view getting vaccinated for COVID-19 as a private alternative, in comparison with about half (47%) of the “wait and see” group and only a quarter (23%) of the “as quickly as attainable” group. The extra hesitant teams are additionally more likely than the extra enthusiastic teams to say that the seriousness of COVID-19 is usually exaggerated within the information. Conversely, about eight in ten in each the “as quickly as attainable” (80%) and “wait and see” teams (77%) say they’re very or considerably anxious that they or somebody of their household will get sick with COVID-19, in comparison with about six in ten within the “provided that required” group (57%) and only a quarter (27%) of the “positively not” group.
Behaviors round non-coronavirus vaccines and different protecting measures additionally differ amongst these teams. For instance, about eight in ten within the extra vaccine-accepting teams say they put on a face masks each time they go away the home and may keep up a correspondence with different folks, in contrast with about six in ten within the “provided that required” group and fewer than half (45%) within the “positively not” group. There may be additionally a linear relationship between vaccine enthusiasm and the share who say they usually get a flu vaccine every year, starting from 80% within the “as quickly as attainable” group to only 14% within the “positively not” group.
Importantly, the survey additionally suggests those that are extra hesitant to get vaccinated for COVID-19 are additionally extra more likely to harbor misconceptions about different necessary public well being measures. For instance, about two-thirds (68%) of those that say they positively received’t get vaccinated and almost 4 in ten (37%) of those that say they’ll solely get it if required consider that carrying a face masks doesn’t assist defend the wearer from coronavirus. Equally, over half (54%) of the “positively not” group and three in ten (29%) of the “provided that required” group consider that carrying a face masks is dangerous to 1’s well being. Provided that the essential public well being messaging about the advantages of mask-wearing has not damaged by way of for a lot of of those people, novel methods could also be obligatory to attach with them with throughout vaccination outreach efforts.
Trusted Messengers
As vaccination efforts proceed to roll out, the KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor might be monitoring which messengers are essentially the most trusted sources of vaccine info for the general public. The newest survey finds that, as with many well being subjects, folks’s private well being care suppliers are on the prime of the record, forward of any nationwide, state, or native messengers. Greater than eight in ten (85%) say they belief their very own physician or well being care supplier “an awesome deal” or “a good quantity” to supply dependable info on a COVID-19 vaccine. About seven in ten additionally belief nationwide messengers just like the U.S. CDC (73%), FDA (70%), and Dr. Anthony Fauci (68%), in addition to their native public well being division (70%). Considerably fewer, however nonetheless a majority, put no less than a good quantity of belief of their state authorities officers (58%), president-elect Joe Biden (57%), and pharmaceutical corporations (53%), whereas simply 34% say they belief President Trump.
Belief in private medical doctors for vaccine info is universally excessive throughout partisan identification and race/ethnicity. Nevertheless, in terms of government-affiliated sources of data such because the CDC and even native public well being departments, a a lot bigger share of Democrats in contrast with Republicans say they belief every to supply dependable details about a COVID-19 vaccine, with independents typically falling within the center. Predictably, belief in President-elect Biden and President Trump falls sharply alongside partisan traces.
% who say they belief every of the next an awesome deal or a good quantity to supply dependable details about a COVID-19 vaccine: | Complete | Get together ID | Race/Ethnicity | ||||
Dem. | Ind. | Rep. | Black | Hispanic | White | ||
Their very own physician or well being care supplier | 85% | 93% | 84% | 81% | 85% | 75% | 87% |
The U.S. Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention, or CDC | 73 | 88 | 70 | 57 | 78 | 71 | 73 |
The U.S. Meals and Drug Administration, or FDA | 70 | 81 | 67 | 62 | 74 | 66 | 71 |
Their native public well being division | 70 | 87 | 67 | 56 | 79 | 65 | 70 |
Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the Nationwide Institute of Allergy and Infectious Ailments | 68 | 90 | 67 | 47 | 77 | 62 | 68 |
Their state authorities officers | 58 | 77 | 53 | 47 | 65 | 53 | 60 |
President-elect Joe Biden | 57 | 93 | 52 | 23 | 76 | 58 | 54 |
Pharmaceutical corporations | 53 | 67 | 48 | 45 | 58 | 50 | 54 |
President Trump | 34 | 7 | 30 | 78 | 12 | 26 | 41 |
Trusted messengers additionally differ among the many completely different profile teams in keeping with vaccine enthusiasm. The simplest group to persuade – those that say they’ll get the vaccine as quickly as they will – place a excessive degree of belief in every sort of messenger requested about, apart from President Trump. The “wait and see” and “provided that required” teams each place the very best degree of belief in their very own well being care suppliers, however majorities of each of those teams additionally say they belief quite a lot of nationwide and native messengers together with the CDC, FDA, Dr. Anthony Fauci, and their native public well being departments. The “provided that required” group is considerably extra divided politically, with about 4 in ten (43%) saying they belief President-elect Biden no less than a good quantity for dependable vaccine info and an identical share (46%) saying they belief President Trump.
The group that claims they positively is not going to get vaccinated would be the hardest to succeed in with any conventional public well being messengers. Only a few say they place a lot belief in many of the messengers requested about on the nationwide, state, or native degree. Solely two messengers are trusted by no less than half the folks on this group: their very own physician or well being care supplier (59%) and President Trump (56%), suggesting that particular person well being care practitioners might be one of many solely avenues for reaching this group with correct and well timed vaccine info.
% who say they belief every of the next an awesome deal or a good quantity to supply dependable details about a COVID-19 vaccine: | Complete | Get it as quickly as you may | Wait and see | Get it provided that required | Undoubtedly is not going to get |
Their very own physician or well being care supplier | 85% | 96% | 87% | 82% | 59% |
The U.S. Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention, or CDC | 73 | 89 | 78 | 68 | 26 |
The U.S. Meals and Drug Administration, or FDA | 70 | 86 | 75 | 66 | 26 |
Their native public well being division | 70 | 84 | 76 | 67 | 28 |
Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the Nationwide Institute of Allergy and Infectious Ailments | 68 | 87 | 73 | 64 | 16 |
Their state authorities officers | 58 | 72 | 61 | 57 | 22 |
President-elect Joe Biden | 57 | 77 | 62 | 43 | 14 |
Pharmaceutical corporations | 53 | 70 | 53 | 46 | 20 |
President Trump | 34 | 26 | 28 | 46 | 56 |